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Understanding Poultry Farming

Understanding Poultry Farming

By: Titus Bodo Hubpages

The Poultry Industry

To some people poultry is just building a coop, put some chickens in it, feed them with poultry feeds and wait for the forty five day grow out. To people in the poultry industry, we simply call that backyard raising. The poultry industry is much more sophisticated than that and much bigger in scale. One must remember that at least twenty five percent of the world’s food sources come from poultry produce. That is a result of the industry’s capability in mass production. The process of mass producing poultry products is a consequence of technological research and management engineering. The law of supply and demand is closely monitored by the poultry industry’s managers and agriculturists. Furthermore thousands of people are employed by the industry directly and indirectly.

It does not sound like some backyard industry now, right? Let me further expound some broad details about the poultry industry. Modern poultry is the business of raising birds through approved genetical engineering under controlled conditions. The most common types of birds are chicken and ducks. The producing and raising of chickens, or ducks, are segregated into two major lines; the broiler and the layer. Chicken poultry has a third line in the production and training of fighting cocks, however, this is negligible in number. The broiler is the type of chicken we eat at Kentucky Fried Chicken, while the layer produces the eggs we routinely have for breakfast. Both broilers and layers come from eggs produced by breeders we call in the industry as parent stocks. Once hatched they are called day old chicks or DOC’s for short. Broilers and layers go to different chicken coops and fed different feed formulations. The grow out period of the broiler is between twenty-eight to forty-five days depending on protein content of the feeds used. A layer will start with laying peewees (abnormally small eggs which are discarded) after six months, it will start producing normal size eggs at the ninth month.

Let me also give an overview on poultry production. Poultry production has three levels of operation. As stated in the given example above, there is a backyard operation. This is normally operated by families for personal consumption rather than for sale. A semi integrated operation are those run by poultry stores who gives out DOC’s and feed stocks to small backyard raisers on credit. Upon harvest the backyard raisers sell their produce back to the poultry store at a previously agreed price. It will be the poultry stores who will market the product to the consumers. The last is the fully integrated operation which only big companies with huge resources are capable of doing. True mass production is achieved by a fully integrated operation. It works basically through the concept of contract growing. That is to say that the grow out process of each raw material for feeds, as well as the bird itself is contracted out. Contract growers are provided the chicks, feeds, vaccination medicines and vet services, while they offer the coop and the labor.

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Understanding Poultry Farming

By: Titus Bodo